The Cuban leader Fidel Castro, a revolutionary Che Gevara, politicians Winston Churchill and Bill Clinton, writers Somerset Maugham and Mark Twain, the actor and the political figure Arnold Schwarzenegger – these names are well-known and these figures are best known to the world for their political, social, literary and other achievements. Moreover, the abovementioned people highly esteem cigar smoking and, thus, they come as people who own the greatest number of tools and accessories so requisite for this leisurely process and among others there are cigar lighters.
In the light of a variety and availability of glass items, glass ware is still appreciated by plenty people, especially when it comes to cut glass. The cut glass produces a long, lingering and musical tune when you put your finger at the cut-glass edge. So, in Japan the craftsmen make unique musical instruments. A crystal violin, completely transparent, is estimated for fifty thousand USD. Crystal glass tableware is not so much expensive though it is able to produce the charming, unique and so brittle music providing it is properly cared.
Wealthy persons are mostly known for their fortune only. However, despite they make billions, these people possess some personal features that attract people when estimating them. While Warren shovels up money, he has to do with quite conflicting image he created: he is known to be the proved miser and at the same time he privately donates huge amounts for charity purposes.
People from all over the world are keen on interpreting various
historic, mystic and psychological pseudo secrets created by the impetuous
fantasy of Dan Brown and people like him. And it is surprising that one of the most effective and showy
secrets of the real history are not revealed to the wide public. It is in the
aware of the intimate circle of people with active, perhaps, too active social
positions. It concerns the so-called Liberia or the library belonging to the
Russian tsar Ivan Vasilyevich aka Ivan the Terrible which disappeared
mystically.
Liberia has nothing to do with Liberia, a country in Africa.
The Latin word «liber» stands for «book», so Liberia means library, the
collection of books in Greek. Liberia is the collection of books belonging to Ivan
the Terrible and the books were of greatest value. The importance of the supposed
library of Ivan Vasilyevich is first determined that it is of Constantinopolitan
origin. The lords of Byzantine Empire, the former Oriental Roman Empire in the
old times supposedly collected the rarest antique and early mediaeval papyruses,
books and manuscripts. In the middle of XV century the Byzantine Empire fell
under the Ottoman Turkish nation attack and this invaluable collection off
books was evacuated from Constantinople.
The most interesting is the fact that the Byzantine princess
Sophia of the Palaeologus family, the niece to the latest Emperor marred to the
Great Prince of Moscow Ivan III and it is stated that she arrived to Russia
with that precious library of her ancestors as the dowry. Furthermore the collection
was replenished with new arrivals, mainly with rare church books and by the
time of reigning of Ivan the Terrible the collection totaled over 800 rarest
and most invaluable volumes. According to the information under dispute from the
so-called «list by Dabelov», the library contained such worthless books for the
modern science and culture as the full version of «History» by Titus Livius (today
only 5 of 142 volumes are available); several volumes of «History» by M.
Claudius Tacitus, likely unknown to the modern scientists; «History» by Polybius,
also in the edition not accessible for the wide public; anonymous works by Publius
Vergilius, Pindarius, Marcus Tullius Cicerō, Calvus and other famous thinkers,
poets and public characters of the antique time. The ancient Прибавьте сюда якобы
находящиеся там же древние manuscripts from Egypt, Phoenicia, Judea, China and India
and you will acquire the treasure that is culturally priceless and which is
evaluated in billion or sometimes several billions dollars. There is little
information about this library since it was concealed in the particular secret
compartment.
There were too many people willing to get to secret place since
the early XVIII century when they made digging works to find the treasure in
five different points of the Moscow Kremlin, however everyone failed. The library
was searched in the second half of the previous century and in 30s of the previous
century Stalin personally permitted to make digging works in the territory of
the Kremlin. Since 90s the works intensified though nothing was found. Plenty
of guesses and version make confusions about the disposition of the secret
place which is around sixty where the books were buried y the order of Ivan the
Terrible. The most general and likely potential places included Moscow Kremlin,
House by Pashkov where several underground lines are located when the data on medieval
wells came during construction of the underground station, the regal residence
Kolomenskoe, the Alexandrovs village, «capital» oprichnina (special
administrative elite under tsar Ivan the Terrible; its territory and army) and
Vologda here Ivan the Terrible visited regularly. The largest problem is that the
library by Ivan the Terrible is the vast but not so worthless collection
containing mainly medieval church books.
The point is that the qualified historians operate the various
justified opinions and doubts that the library by Ivan the Terrible ever
contained rare antique books and whatever books from collections by the Constantinopolitan
Emperors. There is no data, first of all, that Sophia of the Palaeologus family
arrived in Moscow with any books, leaving apart hundreds of them. She was hardly able to bring anything with her
since the members to the imperial family of he Byzantine Empire escaped the
capital with some of belongings on them and further their financial state was
not prosperous if not difficult. Here they would not fail to sell some of them
to improve their financial state. Yet, Sophia
fail to marry anyone sine there was no one among the young men to marry a «dowerless
girl».
Moreover, there are unreliable evidences considered by the followers
of Liberia theory. Some of them were distorted later and some of them are found
to be inauthentic, as the much talked-about «list by Dabelov».
Yet, finally, modern scientists are rather confident to affirm
that they have a lot to discuss the fate of books that belonged to Ivan the
Terrible. It is possible to define the trace they paved in private collections and
state librarian archives. Therefore, the amateurs of historic secrets are
likely to find the other legend on secrets of previous times.
Lingerie for women was just the plain underwear until the 20th century when it became the mean self-expression, as the subject of esthetic admiration. A piece of lingerie seen in between the women wear looked quite shocking to be shame and no one thought of designing luxury items based on lingerie, leaving alone works of art. Today every woman dreams of having a pair, or even more, of luxury and high quality lingerie to associate with sexuality, sensibility and attraction with male.
Today the knitwear is presented in so many styles and
it is so popular that no single autumn and spring collections can do without
hosiery. Knit
women's coats are offered in classic, sporty, romantic, vintage, casual and
ethnic styles. The demand for knit coats
grows in line with the more increasing range of color and texture of woolen
yarn as merino wool, angora, alpaca, Kashmir. Globally known brands launch knit
coats for women in their latest collections and most celebrities today appear
wearing knitwear for many occasions and that's hard to picture that some time
back it was something different.
First established in 1980, the brand by Carolina Herrera is one of the well-known fashion brands; collections by Carolina Herrera make a conquest for the public love and demand due to elegance and delicacy of the fashion wear models. The collections were successful, though Carolina Herrera opened its perfume line first in 1988 presenting Carolina Herrera for Women. Carolina Herrera 212 is known to be the bestseller first launched in 1997, and today this fragrance takes its niche among the most recognized perfumes of the world.
First established in 1860, Chopard is one of the reputed watch and jewelry houses producing incredibly beautiful, fascinating jewelry items and watches of dream. The house also launched a number of celebrated fragrances as Casmir, Wish, Madness and Infiniment. Despite the long and solid history of the brand, it appeared only recently in the market of fragrances with the first fragrance Chopard launched only in 1992. Six years later, in 1996, the Chopard House presented its Mira-Bai, the fragrance which is still in favor among women keen on oriental scents. Mira-Bai shows no intentions to compete with such a fashion-setter in the sphere of oriental compositions as Guerlain Shalimar, though the fragrance by Chopard takes its niche among the classic perfumes in the market of oriental perfume.
